What factor is considered to have a greater influence on the productivity of a formal group than any other factor?

The influence of informal subgroups within a formal group is significant because these subgroups often form based on shared interests, backgrounds, or social dynamics, which can affect communication and collaboration among members. Informal subgroups can have a profound impact on the group's culture, morale, and overall productivity, as they can facilitate rapport and camaraderie among members, leading to increased trust and cooperation.

When informal subgroups are present, they may enhance or detract from the productivity of the overall group. These smaller units can act as support systems where members feel safer to express their ideas and concerns, thus enhancing engagement and innovation. Conversely, if these subgroups develop negative dynamics, they can lead to conflict or division within the larger group, ultimately diminishing overall effectiveness.

In contrast, while leadership style, team-building exercises, and formal training sessions are important factors that influence group productivity, they typically do so in a more structured and controlled manner. Leadership style sets the tone and direction, team-building exercises create opportunities for bonding, and formal training provides necessary skills and knowledge. However, the underlying social structures—such as informal subgroups—often drive day-to-day interactions and behaviors, making them a crucial element in determining the success and productivity of a formal group.